What Sheikh Hasina, Kamal, and Mamun Are Accused Of

The International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) is set to announce its verdict on Monday regarding five charges of crimes against humanity filed against ousted Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, former Home Minister Asaduzzaman Khan Kamal, and former Inspector General of Police Chowdhury Abdullah Al-Mamun. These allegations are linked to the unrest during the anti-discrimination student movement in July–August 2024.

The formal charge documents span 8,747 pages and include references, seized evidence, and a detailed list of victims. A summary of the charges is as follows:

Provocative Speech, Coordinated Attacks, and Failure to Act

Prosecutors claim Sheikh Hasina made inflammatory remarks at a press conference at Ganabhaban on July 14, 2024. Following this, law enforcement personnel and ruling-party activists allegedly carried out systematic attacks on students and civilians. The tribunal is examining whether Hasina, Kamal, and Mamun incited, supported, or allowed these assaults, and whether they failed to prevent or punish murder, attempted murder, and torture during the crackdown.

Ordering Use of Lethal Force, Helicopters, and Drones

Hasina is accused of ordering the use of helicopters, drones, and live ammunition to suppress the protests. Kamal and Mamun allegedly relayed and enforced these orders through their chain of command. Prosecutors argue that this constituted crimes against humanity through orders, abetment, and conspiracy.

Killing of Abu Sayeed in Rangpur

The trio face charges over the July 16, 2024, shooting death of Abu Sayeed in front of Begum Rokeya University. Prosecutors allege the killing followed directives from top political and security leadership, making the accused responsible for ordering, aiding, and conspiring in the attack.

Killing of Six Students in Chankharpul

On August 5, 2024, six students were shot dead during law enforcement action in Dhaka’s Chankharpul area. The three accused have been charged with responsibility for the operation that led to their deaths.

Killing and Burning of Six Men in Ashulia

Also on August 5, 2024, six people were shot in Ashulia. Five of the victims’ bodies were burned, and the sixth, still alive, was allegedly burned alongside them. Prosecutors say the killings were carried out with the knowledge, involvement, and approval of the accused.

Prosecution vs Defence

Chief Prosecutor Mohammad Tajul Islam insists the state’s evidence is “as strong as the Himalayas” and proves each charge beyond doubt. Defence lawyer Md Amir Hossain rejects the allegations as “false and fabricated,” saying there is no documentary proof that Hasina ordered any killings, and that a “separate group” carried out the violence that destabilized the country.