Paul Pelosi, the husband of House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, was "violently assaulted" after a break-in at the couple's San Francisco home early on Friday, her office said in a statement.
"The assailant is in custody and the motivation for the attack is under investigation," the statement said. "Mr Pelosi was taken to the hospital, where he is receiving excellent medical care and is expected to make a full recovery."
The Democratic speaker of the US House of Representatives, who is second in line to the presidency, was not at home at the time of the early morning assault.
The circumstances of the attack were unclear, including how the intruder got into the home.
The attacker reportedly entered the home with a hammer and - after confronting Mr Pelosi - shouted "where is Nancy?".
A San Francisco Police Department spokesperson and a spokesperson for Nancy Pelosi did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
The assault comes less than two weeks before the Nov 8 midterm elections, in which control of the House and the Senate is at stake.
As a Democratic leader in Washington and a longtime representative from one of America's most liberal cities, Pelosi is a frequent target for Republican criticism and is often featured in attack ads. Her office was ransacked during the Jan 6, 2021, attack on the US Capitol by supporters of Republican then-President Donald Trump, some of whom hunted for her during the assault.
In January 2021, her home was vandalised with graffiti saying "Cancel rent" and "We want everything" painted on the house and a pig's head left in front of the garage, according to media reports.
Prominent Republicans, such as Senate Republican Leader Mitch McConnell, have been targets of vandalism as well.
Paul Pelosi, 82, who owns a San Francisco-based real estate and venture capital firm, was convicted of a misdemeanour charge of driving under the influence of alcohol after becoming involved in an auto accident in May. He was sentenced to five days in jail in Napa County, California.
The couple have been married since 1963 and have five children. Their combined net worth, primarily from Mr Pelosi's investments, has made the speaker one of the richest members of Congress.
The FBI and the US Capitol Police, which has a field office in California, are assisting San Francisco police with the investigation.
Capitol Police is said to be considering additional protection for the families of congressional leaders.
Members of Congress have been on high-alert over security threats since the riot at the US Capitol in January 2021. Mrs Pelosi's office in the building was ransacked by supporters of then-President Donald Trump during the attack.
And last year, her San Francisco home was reportedly vandalised with graffiti saying "cancel rent".
Senior Republicans, such as Senate Leader Mitch McConnell, have also been targeted by vandalism in recent times and politicians have raised concerns about an increase in threats.
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