Deadly crackdown in Iran as nationwide protests spread amid internet blackout

Iran is experiencing its deadliest crackdown on protests since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, as authorities use lethal force to suppress demonstrations across the country while cutting off internet and communications.

Cities and towns are filled with smoke, with mosques, government offices, and banks damaged by fire. State media reported at least $125 million in losses across more than 20 cities. Activists say the death toll continues to rise, accusing security forces of using long-standing tactics, including shooting from rooftops, firing birdshot into crowds, and deploying motorcycle-riding Revolutionary Guard volunteers to beat and detain protesters.

“The vast majority of protesters were peaceful,” said Raha Bahreini of Amnesty International. “Authorities have opened fire unlawfully, targeting crowds that included children and families.”

The protests began on December 28 at Tehran’s Grand Bazaar over the collapse of Iran’s currency, the rial, and quickly spread nationwide. Violence escalated on January 8 after calls from exiled crown prince Reza Pahlavi. Deputy Interior Minister Ali Akbar Pourjamshidian said more than 400 cities were affected.

Videos show security forces, including the Basij volunteer branch of the Revolutionary Guard, using shotguns, batons, and assault rifles. Many demonstrators suffered serious injuries, including eye wounds caused by birdshot. Iran’s Farabi Eye Hospital deployed all available doctors to treat the injured.

Casualty reports vary: the Iranian government reported 3,117 deaths, including civilians and security personnel, while the U.S.-based Human Rights Activists News Agency reported 5,137 deaths, including 4,834 protesters. State media also reported extensive damage to banks, ATMs, government buildings, and vehicles.

Amid fears of U.S. military action, an American aircraft carrier and warships are moving toward the Middle East. Observers warn that Iran could see renewed protests around February 17, the 40-day mourning period for those killed. Satellite images show large crowds of mourners at Tehran’s Behesht-e Zahra cemetery, chanting against Iran’s leadership.